Ecstasy is a slang or street name for Methylenedioxymethamphetamines (MDMA) It is a synthetic, psychoactive mind-altering drug with hallucinogenic and amphetamine (stimulant) like effects. It alters perception of time and distance.  MDMA was first developed in 1914 as an appetite suppressant or diet drug. It was a legal substance up until 1985. 

MDMA/ Ecstasy produces less stimulation than cocaine or amphetamines and is taken for its hallucinogenic rather than its stimulant properties. 

MDMA/Ecstasy is produced in clandestine laboratories, and is seldom pure.  The amount in a capsule or tablet is likely to vary considerably, which could lead to overdoses.  MDMA is a Federal Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) -- Schedule I Substance -- meaning that it has no medical use and high abuse potential. The Federal penalty for manufacturing or selling can lead to fines up to four million dollars.  A ringleader or head manufacturer could receive life in prison. 

Why the sudden popularity of MDMA / Ecstasy?

This substance has gained in popularity because it enhances self-awareness and is one of the most popular drugs used in “Raves” (see our Rave Club fact sheet), large all night parties. In the mid-1980’s MDMA/Ecstasy burst onto the street drug scene and since 1999 the surge has been back again.  Ecstasy has fast become the drug of choice for young people around the United States and Tennessee is no exception.  It seems to be sweeping the country and is gaining in popularity in rural communities as well as urban areas. Some users have reported a sense of well-being and sensuality, also a heightened sensory perception and insight. It makes people who use it feel a strong sense of empathy and emotional intimacy. 

What are the effects of MDMA / Ecstasy?

Beliefs about Ecstasy are reminiscent of similar claims made about LSD in the 1950’s and 1960’s, which proved to be untrue. According to its proponents, MDMA can make people trust each other and can break down barriers between therapists and patients, lovers, and between family members.  Many problems users encounter with MDMA are similar to those found with the use of Amphetamines and Cocaine.

They are:

·        Psychological difficulties, including confusion, depression, sleep problems, drug craving, severe anxiety, and paranoia -- during and sometimes weeks after taking MDMA (Psychotic episodes have been reported).

·        Physical symptoms such as muscle tension, involuntary teeth clenching, nausea, blurred vision, rapid eye movement, faintness, and chills or sweating.

Other side effects include: general restlessness and insomnia after the drug has worn off.